ADJUVANTS

ADJUVANTS

 

These are the substances which are other than the active medicaments in the formulation which have no pharmacological action.

Stabilizers

The stabilizers are the substances which ensure the final formulation.

e.g.:- Antioxidants

Antioxidants

This prevents the oxidation reaction of a sensitive drug is called antioxidant.

Action

Reducing agent,----By breaking the oxygen chain reaction.

e.g.:-Ascorbic acid, sodium bisulfate, sodium metabisulfate, sodium thiosulfate.

Mechanism:-A free molecule is having three radicals which tend to bond or oxidize  reduction

In other mechanism the radical chain is inhibited by breaking up the radical chain.

Properties:-

It should be effective in low concentrations.

It should not react with any other substance, compounds.

It should not impact colour, odour, and taste, to the final formulation.

lt should be effective in wide range of pH

It should not be toxic & irritant to final formulation and skin.

Examples:-

Tocopheral

It is soluble in water.

It is obtained from vegetable oils.

It is used in liquid paraffin.

Gallic acid and Gallate

It is soluble in water &Estoberic gallic acid.

It is used for prevention of food, oils, perfume.

Butylated hydroxy anised (BHA)

2% BHA     For preservation and stabilization

6% Propyl gallate    of food & cosmetics

4% Citric acid

70% Propylene glycol

Ascorbic acid:- Preservation of fat & oils.

Preservatives

The substance which add to the preparation to prevent the bacterial growth.